this post was submitted on 28 Mar 2026
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Cloudless Smart Home: Thread, Zigbee, ... (lemmy.ml)
submitted 4 hours ago by VoxAliorum@lemmy.ml to c/selfhosted@lemmy.world
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Heyho,

as I will soon move into my first "own" apartment (have lived in shared apartments so far), I would like to set up some smart home devices. Primarily lights, but I am open to other ideas.

Looking into the topic I noticed that basically all cloudless setups need a server - often they use a Raspberry Pie, a low energy protocol - like Zigbee or Thread, and a managing software like Home Assistant or openHAB.

Currently, I think about using the Raspberry Pie 5 (should also be helpful for other projects such as Immich) together with some kind of USB to connect to the Thread network (guess there is something similar like conbee2 for Zigbee) and openHAB as the software for greater customization. While openHAB is probably overkill, as a computer scientist I think I might enjoy the greater customization options.

So my question: Are there any good tutorials for this setup? While I knew of Zigbee before this project, I wasn't aware of Thread and am just looking into it. I don't feel comfortable yet to double down on it without learning more on possible ways to connect Thread to openHAB on a Raspberry Pie.

Thanks in advance!

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[–] Shimitar@downonthestreet.eu 2 points 47 minutes ago (1 children)

My home has some 100 ZigBee devices... Definitely can recommend ZigBee. Lots of cheap options, specially anything from Sonoff is good quality.

Some devices like thermo/igrometers and smart plugs you can go as cheap as aliexpress allow you....

Some devices like TRVs, smart energy switches I would spend money for a Sonoff or equivalent price point.

You need to invest in pure router devices too, specially in a biggish home. Definitely in multi-stories homes.

And go with an high quality coordinator as well.

You can check my wiki https://wiki.gardiol.org/doku.php?id=homeautomation%3Astart which I wrote mostly for myself for future reference, in the hope it could be useful to others.

[–] tofu@lemmy.nocturnal.garden 1 points 24 minutes ago (1 children)

Wdym with pure-router devices? What makes them better than smart plugs for routing? I have ~50 Zigbee devices across 4 floors and the plug/bulb routers seem to be perfectly fine.

[–] Shimitar@downonthestreet.eu 2 points 15 minutes ago (1 children)

In my experience I needed some routers, not smart plugs, to ensure a smooth mesh. Maybe my smart plugs where too cheap. Anyway, I added one router per floor and had no more devices dropping out randomly.

A dedicated router is a small dongle connected to a USB power adapter in a wall outlet. Add to the mesh, and they only provide routing for other devices, no other function.

Maybe you have better quality devices... I have lots of super cheap switches that behave weirdly without.

[–] tofu@lemmy.nocturnal.garden 1 points 5 minutes ago

Interesting! I have different ones and so far, all of them were working fine as routers. 🤞

[–] Shimitar@downonthestreet.eu 3 points 1 hour ago

Buy a Home Assistant green and self. Host HomeAssistant itself

Great software, and purchasing the green is a great way to support them. Also, the green is a beautiful and very high quality piece of hardware that's worth the money anyway.

Buy also the thread/ZigBee dongle they provide, again, top quality for the bucks and also support the project.

[–] Decronym@lemmy.decronym.xyz 2 points 59 minutes ago* (last edited 9 minutes ago)

Acronyms, initialisms, abbreviations, contractions, and other phrases which expand to something larger, that I've seen in this thread:

Fewer Letters More Letters
HA Home Assistant automation software
~ High Availability
RPi Raspberry Pi brand of SBC
SBC Single-Board Computer
SSD Solid State Drive mass storage
Zigbee Wireless mesh network for low-power devices

[Thread #196 for this comm, first seen 28th Mar 2026, 20:50] [FAQ] [Full list] [Contact] [Source code]

[–] avidamoeba@lemmy.ca 1 points 1 hour ago

I use Home Assistant (running on Yellow) with ZigBee, Matter/Thread and Z-Wave. If I had to start today, I'd get a Pi 4/5 and Home Assistant ZBT-2. I would not run anything else on the Pi. Let HA OS take it over to ensure smooth updates. Then I'd add ZWA-2 if I need Z-Wave. Not you'd need 2x ZBT-2 if you want both ZigBee and Matter/Thread.

[–] tofu@lemmy.nocturnal.garden 8 points 3 hours ago

Just saying that HA offers a lot of customization already. I'd start simple and only add stuff where needed.

[–] paf@jlai.lu 1 points 2 hours ago

Home assistant is a beast, not sure openhab can actually match it today. Unless you already have a pi5 and a SSD (avoid micro sd card), you could consider a mini pc with n150 (or n100) processor. It doesn't consume much power (close to pi5) and it will be more powerful and more Ram which will be useful for immich.

Start with zigbee first, much more mature than thread. I don't personaly use thread but i believe some zigbee dongle also can deal with thread at the same time.

About the setup. If mini pc, you can use proxmox so you will be able to create a VM for home assistant and another one for immich.

[–] Wxfisch@lemmy.world 2 points 2 hours ago

There are two things in my house I don’t “play” with: internet connectivity and core home functions (lights, locks, garage doors, etc). That doesn’t mean I don’t self host anything or then, but I always start from a mindset of “must work”.

I run HA on a Yellow (functionally an RPi 5 with radios and storage interface built in). My lights are either Hue running as plain Zigbee devices, or Zigbee switches. I don’t necessarily want more customization with home automation, I want stable, extensible, and easy to use day today. HA checks all those boxes easily. I’ve not done much looking into OpenHAB, but I would caution against going with something for home automation just because it’s more customizable. Sure, it’s great to have an automation routine that turns on your lights when you get home, it’s less great to have an integration that misbehaves and now you cannot turn off a light, or lock your door, or turn down the volume on your music, etc. Be sure to know what you want to accomplish before you buy devices, build automations, and always build things with a manual backup operation option.