The study, using data from 19,000 children born in the UK in the early 2000s, also found that teenagers experiencing physical punishment in early childhood were markedly more likely to bully siblings and others or engage in cyberbullying.

The effects of smacking appeared most immediately in behaviour problems among infants, while repeated experience of physical punishment at ages three, five and seven was associated with lower literacy.

Link to the study

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[–] Leg@sh.itjust.works 1 points 14 hours ago

Yup. I remember confronting my mom in my 20s about her whipping me as a kid. She said she should've done it more. Once I pointed out that our ancestors likely learned about the practice from their slave masters and carried it down until it reached our generations, it changed her tune though.