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You can consider using lego-acme as well. It's not too different, just that it comes prepackaged with a bunch of DNS providers including desec, so you don't need to install an additional module.
By default, certs are valid for 90 days so you'd wanna renew a bit earlier than that. There's also the option to use 45-day certs or 6-day certs, depending on the profile chosen.
Yes, but it's better if you automate them, like Caddy did, and both Certbot and lego can do this well. I run lego via a cronjob which checks for the certs' expiry, and renew it when it passes a certain deadline.
Not sure I can recommend anything from that list because I'm not familiar with them, but I've heard haproxy to be very performant.
Thank you, I'll have a look at lego-acme, it looks interestingly. I prefer to use cron so this is could be something I would consider using.
FWIW I've tried all the major CLI tools for cert renewal (certbot, lego, acme.sh) and certbot was by far the easiest to use. The others were various shades of horrible – bad documentation, obscure error messages, you name it. Wish I had tried certbot first and not wasted my time.
You can find the magical incantations online and coax them to work eventually but they made me wonder if that's the kind of tool I want to trust with my cert renewal. Also I'm starting to think it's not a coincidence that other tools like NPM bundle certbot (as opposed to something else).
That's true, it CertBot seems to be quite mature
It was a bit overwhelming for me when I first started into self hosting, there were a lot of concepts that I had to wrap my head around first before I could look into using CertBot itself