this post was submitted on 18 Sep 2026

45 points (97.9% liked)

Selfhosted

62294 readers

341 users here now

A place to share alternatives to popular online services that can be self-hosted without giving up privacy or locking you into a service you don't control.

Rules:

Detailed Rules Post

Be civil.
No spam.
Posts are to be related to self-hosting.
Don't duplicate the full text of your blog or readme if you're providing a link.
Submission headline should match the article title.
No trolling.
Promotion posts require active participation, with an account that is at least 30 days old. F/LOSS without a paywall has exceptions, with requirements. See the rules link for details. Tags [CBH] or [AIP] are required, see the links in Rule 8 for details.
AI-related discussions and AI-involved promotional posts have additional requirements for tagging, as noted in Rule 7 and the AI & Promotional Post Expanded Rules post, and find example disclosures here.

Resources:

selfh.st Newsletter and index of selfhosted software and apps
awesome-selfhosted software
awesome-sysadmin resources
Self-Hosted Podcast from Jupiter Broadcasting

Any issues on the community? Report it using the report flag.

Questions? DM the mods!

founded 3 years ago

MODERATORS

curbstickle@anarchist.nexus

curbstickle_lw@lemmy.world

Fitting a server with desktop hardware in a 1U rack mount chassis (fedia.io)

submitted 1 week ago by QuantumEraser@fedia.io to c/selfhosted@lemmy.world

24 comments fedilink hide all child comments

I have a server with desktop hardware (microATX motherboard and Core Ultra 7 265K CPU) which I use to run a Minecraft server. Its current physical location isn't ideal, so I'd like to put it in a rack mount chassis and move it to a server room I have access to through my university. However rack space in the room is limited, so it would be best if I can fit it into a 1U space.

From what I've heard the biggest issue with 1U is cooling, especially as the 265K can draw up to 250W. It seems like 1U microATX chassis do exist, like this one, but they don't look like they have good airflow, and I'm not sure where I would get a short enough heatsink. Could I realistically make 1U work, and if so what should I look for in terms of hardware? Or am I going to have to go with 2U?

Edit: I ended up giving up on 1U. Instead I bought a miniITX motherboard and am going with this 2U dual miniITX chassis. Way more vertical space to work with and it gives me the option to add a second server (something I want to do once memory/storage prices calm down) within the same rack space.

top 24 comments

sorted by: hot top controversial new old

[–] x00z@lemmy.world 1 points 3 days ago

I think going for 2U will be a hundred times easier.

[–] tburkhol@slrpnk.net 6 points 6 days ago

The 1U system I had, the heatsinks have been fanless and not the extruded aluminum block one usually thinks of, but an assembled stack of much thinner, more rigid fins. It relied on airflow from fans mounted in the middle of the case, between the mobo and disks, shrouded to focus that airflow. I want to say 2x40mm fans per processor.

You should expect a 1U system to run hotter than a desktop, and definitely hotter than cooler advertisers want. CPUs are designed to operate up to 100°C or so, and the constraints that lead people to use 1U form factors generally include replacing those systems regularly, basically because of burnout.

[–] pandakhan@slrpnk.net 8 points 1 week ago* (last edited 1 week ago) (2 children)

Is it doable? Probably. A quick search shows that your ~~professor~~ processor appears to be an LGA1851 socket type. https://www.newegg.com/p/0SS-0236-01835

This should work, but please verify your own details first!

Otherwise, if you have a chassis in mind already, go for it. If you feel comfortable moving it to actual server-grade hardware, ~~www.labgopher.com~~ (turns out that site is gone, a place called rack rat had taken its place, but I have not used it) can help you find something hopefully very cheap that you could scrap or repurpose.

The biggest advantage with server-grade components is the fans and power supplies are designed with that environment in mind. The 40mm fans in 1u racks are very nearly airplane levels of loud. 20k rpm kind of fans. That's how they solve the airflow problem, they don't have noise rules.

Hope that helps!

[–] scottmeme@sh.itjust.works 14 points 1 week ago (2 children)

I would hope you are not putting a professor in a 1u chassis, that sounds kinda mean

[–] harmbugler@piefed.social 5 points 6 days ago (1 children)

Should be fine for a microbiologist though.

[–] scottmeme@sh.itjust.works 2 points 5 days ago

That got a good laugh out of me

[–] yaroto98@lemmy.world -3 points 1 week ago* (last edited 1 week ago) (2 children)

I think servers in 1U config are called blades. CPU and all. Pretty sure they're loud.

[–] scottmeme@sh.itjust.works 1 points 6 days ago

I have blade servers, they are smaller than 1u

[–] epyon22@sh.itjust.works 11 points 1 week ago* (last edited 1 week ago)

No blades are different they are small full compute modules that go into a large backplane chassis https://www.supermicro.com/sites/default/files/2018-11/8U_SuperBlade.png

[–] QuantumEraser@fedia.io 3 points 1 week ago (1 children)

That heatsink says it's rated for up to 125W, which I'm not sure will be enough for the 265K (Intel says 250W at max boost). I don't have a specific chassis in mind; the one I linked was just one I found with a quick search. I haven't purchased server hardware before so I'm not really sure what to look for. Do you think buying a generic microATX compatible chassis and a similar heatsink (higher rated power if I can find one), then adding a ton of high RPM fans and possibly some custom airflow guides to get very high airflow through the heatsink would work?

I can't go with a server grade mobo/CPU as Minecraft servers need very high single threaded performance which you can only really get with desktop CPUs (at least at non-insane prices).

[–] lemmyvore@feddit.nl 3 points 6 days ago (1 children)

The main limitation in a 1U chassis is the size of the heatsink + fan. They're typically 80x80mm width/length, and the height is very small. You get 45mm for the whole case so you have to work with a slim (15mm) 80x80 fan and a tiny heatsink that's 10mm or so. So they have to work at 5000rpm and put out 60dB of noise but even so they're typically only rated for 80-100W.

I other words I really don't think it's worth bothering for a 250W draw. If you can get a 2U space yeah, that gives you much better cooling options.

[–] QuantumEraser@fedia.io 1 points 6 days ago (1 children)

Do you think a passive heatsink like this would work? As I understand it 1U servers usually use a passive heatsink with fans pushing air through the case horizontally, rather than an active heatsink with a fan. Noise isn't a problem since it's in a server room so I can cram in as many fans as is necessary.

[–] frongt@lemmy.zip 1 points 6 days ago

Yeah that should work. Servers usually live in a cooled server room and run their fans full speed. If you can do that, you'll be fine.

[–] epyon22@sh.itjust.works 7 points 1 week ago (1 children)

In all my research most cases for standard hardware are 4u and when you try to get down to 1u or 2u you spend a lot of time/money trying to fit it. I would look into buying dedicated server like a dell r6xx series box and going from there you'd honestly save money and headache.

[–] QuantumEraser@fedia.io 2 points 1 week ago (2 children)

A typical server unfortunately won't work for my use case, as Minecraft servers are highly single threaded workloads and desktop CPUs are just far better than server CPUs in that regard.

[–] epyon22@sh.itjust.works 2 points 6 days ago (1 children)

You must have a lot of people and/or some heavy mods. I haven't had much issues with 3-4 people on a VM with a Xeon E5-2690 2.90GHz

[–] QuantumEraser@fedia.io 1 points 6 days ago

For small playercounts a server CPU works fine, but my server regularly has 20+ concurrent players and sometimes has up to 50 so we kinda need the performance.

[–] gccalvin@lemmy.world 1 points 6 days ago

Exactly. This is one of the reasons why I run desktop hardware.

[–] non_burglar@lemmy.world 6 points 1 week ago

I've been down this rabbit hole and it's not a good option for standard matx or mini itx. Best I did was get a supermicro board and a supermicro 1u half-depth chassis. It was OK for a while, but the HDDs did not cool off very well.

I've now not got a nas just as fast with a radxa rock 2a, a penta sata hat, some FPC cables between them and some cable bodging in a jonsbo n1 case. Drives are happy, less power consumed.

[–] poVoq@slrpnk.net 2 points 1 week ago (1 children)

A water cooling block will fit 1U, but you will need to attach the other side of the water cooler outside of the rack most likely. Furthermore, it is unlikely that other people using the same rack space will appreciate you adding water cooling due to spillage risks.

[–] lemmyvore@feddit.nl 2 points 6 days ago

Don't even suggest it to the datacenter people. They will laugh at you.

[+] Onomatopoeia@lemmy.cafe -6 points 1 week ago* (last edited 1 week ago) (2 children)

So you're saying that the current Minecraft servers are all running on desktop hardware and not on standard U-chassis servers in racks in data centers?

If anything I'd expect them to run virtualized on standard rack servers.

Something here doesn't add up. I don't buy that enterprise server hardware that can out-perform desktop hardware by orders of magnitude can't do what you need - especially since that's surely how the existing servers run.

If this single-threading performance is really an issue, run some kind of virtualization on a rack server, build a VM with the exact hardware config you need, and the host hardware will make it happen (which I'd bet is exactly how current servers are run, because then they can be moved/Load balanced dynamically without missing a beat).

I currently have both single-core, single-cpu VM's and multi-core, multi-cpu VM's running on the same host for test purposes. The VM has no idea it's virtual hardware is actually run on a different multi-cpu/core host.

Check out xcp-ng - it's arguably the best open source virtualization platform today. VMware server can definitely do this, if you have a license.

[–] ShortN0te@lemmy.ml 1 points 6 days ago

Consumer Hardware has feature enterprise/datacenter Hardware does not have and the otherway around.

High End Consumer CPUs for example clock way higher and therefore have better single core performance, which can be a benefit.

Non ECC memory and overclocked memory like on Consumer Hardware is often faster, especially when you compare price to performance.

Especially when things like a minecraft server is not optimized for a 128-core CPU or even 32-core CPU.

[–] QuantumEraser@fedia.io 1 points 6 days ago

Yes, hosting providers do run servers on desktop hardware. See for example Bisect's dedicated server options which all have desktop Ryzen processors.

Smaller Minecraft servers can run just fine on standard server hardware, and I'm sure that's what most hosting providers use for their lower tier server plans, since you can cram dozens of Minecraft servers onto one machine. But the main limitation for larger servers is single-threaded performance, which desktop CPUs are just far better at.

Very large servers generally use server software like Folia which multithreads the game (like 2b2t) or split the server into many smaller servers (like Hypixel), which eliminates the single threaded performance issue but has some serious drawbacks.