this post was submitted on 13 Mar 2026
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China has approved a sweeping new law which claims to help promote "ethnic unity" - but critics say it will further erode the rights of minority groups.

On paper, it aims to promote integration among the 56 officially recognised ethnic groups, dominated by the Han Chinese, through education and housing. But critics say it cuts people off from their language and culture.

It mandates that all children should be taught Mandarin before kindergarten and up until the end of high school. Previously students could study most of the curriculum in their native language such as Tibetan, Uyghur or Mongolian.

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[–] wpb@lemmy.world 14 points 3 days ago* (last edited 2 days ago) (9 children)

Don't the US, Canada, and Australia have similar laws? Kinda crazy China took so long to stoop to our level

EDIT: I have since learned that public schools in the US are not required to teach in English, so you can cross the US off that list! My bad!

EDIT2: I just googled it, and it turns out it is required. Back on the list it goes!

EDIT3: I've had to explain multiple times in the comments that I'm not talking about teaching immigrants the local language, but teaching the native population the language of the colonizers. The US, Canada, Australia all arrived somewhere where there were already people, like Polynesians, Inuits, and Aboriginals, and in their public school, they're all taught in English. It's disheartening to see how little people think of the native population of these countries, and it shows how effective the native American genocide was.

[–] WoodScientist@lemmy.world 4 points 2 days ago* (last edited 2 days ago) (2 children)

but teaching the native population the language of the colonizers

And you don't think China is a colonial empire that expanded its borders in the exact same way the US or Russia did? Just how exactly do you think China ended up being a majority Han nation ruling over a bunch of ethnic minorities? Skin color or ethnicity is not a prerequisite for imperialism.

[–] wpb@lemmy.world 3 points 2 days ago* (last edited 2 days ago)

You're putting words in my mouth.

I keep mentioning, over and over, Polynesians, Inuit, Aboriginals AND Tibetans AND Uyghur as examples of native populations forced to learn the tongue of their colonizer. I keep mentioning, over and over, how the situation of colonization in the US, Canada, and Australia is SIMILAR to the one in China. It's deeply frustrating how much I have to re-explain here. Am I that bad at writing?

[–] cecinestpasunbot@lemmy.ml -1 points 2 days ago (1 children)

What do you even do think Han is? lol To think that this law is a tool of Han supremacy is to ignore that it doesn’t actually encompass the idea of ethnicity as it exists in the West. Most people that would be identified as Han do not share an identical culture or even language. What this law talks about ie “the common language” is a construct created by many people who spoke other Chinese languages first. It’s wild how ready you are to speak with such authority about a country you seemingly know next to nothing about.

[–] WoodScientist@lemmy.world 0 points 2 days ago (1 children)

And do you think "white people" in the West are a monolith as well? The concept of "Han" sounds pretty damn similar to the concept of "white" in the United States.

[–] cecinestpasunbot@lemmy.ml 1 points 1 day ago

White people aren’t a monolith because race is a pseudoscientific construct. It has no meaningful relationship with ethnicity or ancestry. If you don’t know the difference between race and ethnicity in America what gives the confidence to speak on how ethnicity works in China? lol

[–] Croquette@sh.itjust.works 10 points 3 days ago (4 children)

Genuine question : why do requiring a earnest effort to learn the language of the country a bad thing?

There is a shit ton of bad things about our immigration laws, but forcing immigrants to learn the local language isn't one of them.

Language barriers isolate people and learning the local language helps reduce the isolation, benefiting everyone.

[–] Reliant1087@lemmy.world 1 points 2 days ago

These people are not immigrants? The country of China was created around them and they have the right to speak and use their language as anyone of Han descent might?

[–] TalkingFlower@lemmy.world 2 points 2 days ago* (last edited 2 days ago)

Learning a language in itself is not a bad thing, as long as you have a lot of support and mix with the locals, but mixing it with integration politics, the R word will start to rear its head: by endlessly raising the bar to a fantasy "native" level of the target local language in business hiring, that a coded word meaning they don't want expats. While the government is simultaneously pulling public funding away from language schools. Oh no, you will never be one of them. Realistically, you will also need some years to be at a native level; the pressure is real.

[–] GreenBeard@lemmy.ca 3 points 3 days ago (1 children)

They didn't move there. They were conquered. That's called cultural genocide.

[–] Croquette@sh.itjust.works 0 points 3 days ago (2 children)

The post I am replying to is specifying Canada, US and Australia. Not China.

I agree that assimilating vs integration is a different thing.

[–] bobo@lemmy.ml 3 points 2 days ago (1 children)

The post I am replying to is specifying Canada, US and Australia.

You mean the countries with a long history of enforcing lingual homogeneity on the native and immigrant populations?

For example:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Native_American_Languages_Act

https://hawaiianflair.com/blogs/news/the-history-of-hawaiian-language-suppression-and-revival

https://daily.jstor.org/when-american-schools-banned-german-classes/

[–] Croquette@sh.itjust.works 0 points 2 days ago

If I decide to go live in Germany for example, is it reasonable for me to learn German? What about Haïti? Or Jamaica? Is it only acceptable in non colonialist countries?

I understand that the track record about assimilating other culture is terrible. However, not speaking the local language where you live is extremely isolating. If you've ever had to live in a place where they don't speak your native language, you know the feeling.

For everything that is wrong about our immigration system, I believe that asking new immigrants to make an earnest effort to learn the local language is normal. We can't change the past, but we can do better in the future. And making sure that a new immigrant integrates to his new country is helping both the immigrant and the country that welcomes him.

[–] wpb@lemmy.world 2 points 2 days ago (1 children)

I specified those countries (and not, for example, Germany or France) because they are settler colonies. I'm not talking about immigration.

[–] Croquette@sh.itjust.works 1 points 2 days ago (1 children)

So we should only expect immigrants to learn the current local language only if the country they immigrate to isn't a colonialist country?

[–] wpb@lemmy.world 1 points 2 days ago (1 children)

I am not talking about immigrants, I am talking about the native population. The Uyghurs, Tibetans, Polynesians, Inuit, Aboriginals are not immigrants.

[–] cecinestpasunbot@lemmy.ml 1 points 2 days ago

Han Chinese are also not immigrants. These regions have been multiethnic for centuries. Also lingual and cultural diversity is immense even amongst people who are considered Han. It would make no sense for this law which is about teaching kids a common language that was constructed for that purpose has anything to do with ethnonationalism.

[–] wpb@lemmy.world 1 points 2 days ago (1 children)

I actually don't think having a main language in a country and offering education in that language is a bad thing per se.

But I don't like hypocrisy, and if someone's upset at the Chinese for teaching in Mandarin I need them to be just as upset at Australia, Canada and the US for doing the exact same thing.

[–] Croquette@sh.itjust.works 6 points 2 days ago (2 children)

What hypocrisy?

The discussion conflates a lots of things. So to be clear :

We are talking about someone moving to a new country, not a country invading another country and forcing them to learn the new language to assimilate them.

We can be mad at China for annexing Tibet for example, forcing them to learn mandarin and forbidding them to talk to their native language.

But if I decide to go live in China, then it is not far fetched to expect me to learn mandarin, regardless of its history. It is two different things.

Context matters.

I live in Canada. Should we make real efforts to restitute Natives? Absolutely. Does that mean that we can't expect new immigrants to learn the current local language because of our past?

We can't change the past, but we can make better in the future and integrating new arrivants is necessary and beneficial for everyone.

[–] WoodScientist@lemmy.world -2 points 2 days ago (1 children)

Why can't I move to China and assimilate into the Uighur or Tibetan population, if that's something I really want to do? Why does only the dominant imperialist ethnicity get to expect immigrants to learn the language? Maybe it should be the opposite. Maybe every Han person who moves to Western China should have to learn Uighur or Tibetan. After all, they're immigrants.

[–] cecinestpasunbot@lemmy.ml 6 points 2 days ago

You’re so ridiculously ignorant. Both Tibet and Xinjiang have been multiethnic for so long that trying to determine who was “first” is just stupid. If you wanted to play that game then you would have to admit that Han people existed in Xinjiang prior to the Uyghur ethnic group. Now it would be ridiculous to claim that Han people have a special right to Xinjiang and Uyghur people. What you seem to be advocating for is literally ethnonationalism which is China’s laws including the one we’re discussing explicitly reject.

[–] wpb@lemmy.world 0 points 2 days ago* (last edited 2 days ago) (1 children)

We are talking about someone moving to a new country, not a country invading another country and forcing them to learn the new language to assimilate them.

I'm not talking about people moving to a new country at all. Polynesians didn't move to the US, the US invaded their land and forced them to learn a new language. And so on and so forth for the other settler colonies. I am not talking about immigration at all. There's a reason why I talk about the US, Canada, and Australia, and not for example Italy. They are settler colonies. They moved somewhere and then forced the locals to learn their language.

So folks getting upset about the Chinese teaching Uyghurs and Tibetans in Mandarin in schools should be just as upset at the Americans, Canadians, and Australians for teaching Polynesians, Inuit, and Aboriginals in English in their schools. I hope it's a bit clearer now, I'm not a great communicator, and I really cannot make the hypocrisy more obvious than this.

Other examples: Norwegians teaching Sami in Norwegian, the Portuguese teaching the locals in Brazil in Portuguese, the Spanish teaching the locals in Chile in Spanish, the English teaching the Maori in New Zealand in English, et cetera.

Nonexamples: the Dutch teaching Turkish immigrants in Dutch, the Germans teaching Moroccan immigrants in German, Italy teaching Slovenian immigrants in Italian, the US teaching Mexican immigrants in English, China teaching Indonesian immigrants in Mandarin. -- I am fine with all of these, full stop.

[–] Croquette@sh.itjust.works 0 points 2 days ago (1 children)

We can be both upset at what our ancestors and parents did and integrate new arrivant within the current state of the society they arrive in.

Both aren't exclusive. I get what you are saying, but I don't see that as hypocrisy.

And again, there is a distinction between integration and assimilation.

[–] wpb@lemmy.world 0 points 1 day ago* (last edited 1 day ago) (1 children)

Holy shit you are so fucking dense. This has nothing whatsoever to do with immigrants. No one is talking about immigrants but you.

[–] Croquette@sh.itjust.works 0 points 1 day ago (1 children)

Your argument boils down to : If there is history of colonialism, requiring a basic level of the most spoken language is bad. Otherwise it's good.

Society at large has been multi-cultural for as long as human written history has existed through conquest, war and trade.

There is a possibility to require people to both learn the country's main language while keeping their culture. I live in a city where that happens on a daily basis and everyone is better for it.

[–] wpb@lemmy.world 0 points 1 day ago* (last edited 1 day ago)

Your argument boils down to : If there is history of colonialism, requiring a basic level of the most spoken language is bad. Otherwise it’s good.

Wrong. And obviously so. When I gave the US teaching Mexican immigrants in English as an example of something I'm completely ok with, what did you gather from that? Did you think "aw geeze, I guess this guy really hates it when America teaches Mexican immigrants in English"? Because that's a pretty dumb thing to think. When I tell you the sky is blue, do you think I really mean it's purple? There's no talking to you. You're doing this on purpose, you have to be

[–] jivandabeast@lemmy.browntown.dev 10 points 3 days ago (2 children)

No, it's actually a very important point that there is no national language in the US.

And no, the EO from 2025 is not legally binding and is more symbolic than anything.

[–] sakuraba@lemmy.ml 3 points 3 days ago* (last edited 3 days ago) (2 children)

it doesn't but good luck dealing with any authority if you don't speak english or speak it with a foreign accent

[–] jj4211@lemmy.world 2 points 2 days ago

At multiple government offices I have seen them bring out someone to match the language spoken when someone has no or poor English.

It is far easier to speak English because practically speaking English is most prevalent, but it's not like inability to speak English is a crime (though with this administration....)

[–] WoodScientist@lemmy.world 1 points 2 days ago

My local DMV has forms in all sorts of languages. What are you smoking?

[–] bobo@lemmy.ml 3 points 2 days ago* (last edited 2 days ago)

EDIT: I have since learned that public schools in the US are not required to teach in English, so you can cross the US off that list! My bad!

Don't apologise too soon, it's the basis for their lingual homogeneity, and is a common theme since its inception. For example:

https://daily.jstor.org/when-american-schools-banned-german-classes/

https://hawaiianflair.com/blogs/news/the-history-of-hawaiian-language-suppression-and-revival

And check the history section of the

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Native_American_Languages_Act

[–] stray@pawb.social 6 points 3 days ago (2 children)

It varies by state, but some do require instruction in English. While the US has no official language, most states have English as their official language, which impacts various policies. Schools are federally required to support the education of students learning English as a second language.

[–] Warl0k3@lemmy.world 0 points 3 days ago (1 children)

Last I checked, only three states (AZ, MA and OK) have required english instruction - only one of them (MA) requires english immersion instead of ESL or bilingual-specific classes, and all three allow for public-funded nonenglish education, just outside the district.

[–] stray@pawb.social 2 points 2 days ago

Bilingual and ESL programs are still designed such that the student will learn English though. I'm not aware of a state in which a child can graduate high school without English as a core subject.

[–] UnderpantsWeevil@lemmy.world 5 points 3 days ago

Don’t the US, Canada, and Australia have similar laws?

Yes, but all these countries have politicians who say they feel bad about it

[–] ScoffingLizard@lemmy.dbzer0.com 1 points 2 days ago* (last edited 2 days ago) (1 children)

Spanish speaking kids get an education too. It's not malicious. We're not all monsters here. Just half of us.

[–] wpb@lemmy.world 2 points 2 days ago* (last edited 2 days ago) (1 children)

Yep, in English, which is what this thread is about. Also, the Spanish kids are not the right comparison. When you think of Uyghurs or Tibetans, what demographics in the US come to mind?

Hint: Public schools in Hawaii teach in English.

Good point. I forgot about that guy going to jail for teaching his language recently. I think he was Tibetan.

[–] MisterD@lemmy.ca 1 points 2 days ago (1 children)

In Canada we don't legally force people to learn English. Legally the federal government MUST provide services in English AND French. Meanwhile, they also offer their many of their services in other languages depending on need and logistics.

[–] wpb@lemmy.world 6 points 2 days ago

So the Inuits get to choose between two European languages. I don't see how this is better.

[–] mriormro@lemmy.zip 0 points 3 days ago

No, fundamentally the USA does not.