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Not an expert but I've read up a little.
One can pay to license material for LLM's (Google at. al. are not fans of this ofc.), or simply only use stuff in the public domain or your own internal material.
Private/local models exist for various use cases like not wanting even the chance of your stuff hitting the cloud. Ex. https://ollama.com/
If you have a 4070 or so you can run a smaller model without a issue, which is well within hobbyist range, but larger models quickly balloon hardware requirements to the point where you're putting in some bucks.
Proton is currently partnering with a Swiss Researcher Group that has trained a model where all training data is openly available (Apertus 1.5) so that the researchers have the opportunity to get real user feedback.