There are some large, internationally oriented companies where you can get by speaking only English. I've also seen more than one tech company hire programmers that don't speak Dutch. So it depends on the industry.
If you want to get some perspectives from Americans living in the Netherlands, you could check out Itz Sky's and Jordan Green's channels on YouTube.
Things aren't much better in The Netherlands. The PVV is part of the government now. The good news is that having to form a coalition with other parties, seems to have reigned in some of their worst tendencies. Also, their minister of immigration is a total nitwit that can't get any sort of actual policy implemented. If they keep failing to make any kind of progress on this issue, hopefully they won't do as well in the next election.
The party is called the PVV. Their racism is mostly aimed at Muslims, but they're not a big fan of most other groups of immigrants either. Highly educated expats with a work visa largely get a pass, though I think there are some plans to limit their benefits.
The Netherlands, Germany and Scandinavia have all those things and people tend to speak English really well.
Other Debian-based distros with XFCE are going to be very similar, yes.
Xubuntu is going to install Snaps if you install some software through apt, though, which imo is kind of gross. That's the reason I switched to Mint. But if you like Snaps, it's arguably a better choice.
Debian might be slightly harder to set up. However, from what I hear, it's easy enough for most people now.
If you're already familiar with regular Mint, XFCE Edition is going to have the same key bindings, update manager and driver manager, so it should be slightly easier to use.
You could try Linux Mint XFCE edition. Comes with a more lightweight desktop environment.
It could happen, provided the cars are remotely piloted by a bunch of Indians.
To El Salvador!
You are technically correct, the best kind of correct!
I could take or leave tofu, but I really like tempeh.